We humans love our smells: “Mountain Breeze” laundry detergent, “Vanilla Sky” candles,
“Ocean Mist” kitty litter — none of which, it should be noted, smells anything like actual mountains, vanilla or oceans. Unfortunately, while our noses may swoon, our lungs often do not.
Many people genuinely enjoy a whiff of fabric softener on clean sheets, an air freshener in the bathroom or a spritz of perfume before heading out. Scents can feel comforting, familiar, even luxurious. But behind the pleasant aromas may be dangerous chemicals that impact your health. Some people experience headaches, dizziness, rashes or asthma attacks after even brief exposure. Even if you personally enjoy scents, it’s important to remember that others may not. Reactions can range from mild discomfort to serious health effects. Everyday habits — like dryer sheets that vent scents outside, wearing perfume in a crowded restaurant or using spray sunscreen — can unintentionally affect people around you. Being mindful of fragrance use is a small but meaningful way to protect the health and comfort of everyone around you and in your community.
The problem isn’t simply “strong smells” — it’s the chemicals behind them. Many scents are made from a complex cocktail of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other synthetic ingredients. University of Washington research found that emissions from scented laundry products contained more than 25 VOCs, including acetaldehyde and benzene — both carcinogens with no safe exposure level. These chemicals don’t appear on labels, so every spin cycle can be a bit of chemical roulette for your home and your neighbors.
And the problem doesn’t stop at your door. Chemicals from laundry scents vent outside and drift into the neighborhood air. In fact, researchers have found that emissions from popular scented laundry brands in just one city can rival a measurable fraction of vehicle emissions for certain toxic compounds. That means every load of “fresh-scent” laundry adds to overall air pollution, affecting not just you but your entire community.
Air fresheners, plug-ins and scented candles can be equally concerning. They can emit phthalates (linked to reproductive harm), formaldehyde (a known carcinogen) and other toxins that linger in the air and coat surfaces. Indoor air pollution can be two to five times worse than outdoors — sometimes thanks to our own “freshening” efforts. Pets are especially at risk, with faster breathing rates and constant floor-level exposure.
Fragrance-free vs. unscented
It’s important to be aware of the language used in consumer products. “Fragrance-free” means no fragrance ingredients have been added, whether synthetic or natural. These products are formulated without scent and are the safest for people with fragrance sensitivities.
“Unscented” means the product doesn’t have a noticeable smell but may still contain fragrance chemicals — often used to mask the natural odor of other ingredients. These masking agents can trigger the same health effects as obvious scents. If your goal is to avoid fragrance chemicals altogether, choose “fragrance-free,” not “unscented.”
Pets and VOCs
Pets are particularly vulnerable. Cats and dogs breathe faster than humans, spend more time near floors where chemicals settle and can’t tell us when they feel sick. Studies have linked VOC exposure from scented products to respiratory issues, liver and kidney damage and even cancer in pets. For cat owners especially, scented litter can be a hidden hazard.
Even small exposures over time can accumulate, affecting long-term health.
Myth-busting: “Natural” doesn’t always mean Safe
Essential oils and other “natural” (there is no legal definition for the term when used in consumer products) fragrances are often marketed as healthier alternatives, but they can still trigger sensitivities or allergic reactions in humans and pets. Just because something comes from a plant doesn’t mean it’s harmless when inhaled or applied. Ventilation, limited use and fragrance-free options remain the safest approach for indoor spaces.
Simple steps for safer scents
- Reducing fragrance exposure doesn’t have to mean living in a cave. Some practical tips:
- Ventilate frequently — open a window or use fans.
- Use fragrance-free laundry products, cleaning supplies and personal care items.
- Skip plug-in air fresheners, sprays and scented candles.
- Use natural odor absorbers like baking soda or activated charcoal to neutralize
- odors without chemicals.
- Create your own DIY simmer pots with citrus peels, cinnamon sticks or herbs to
- provide a pleasant scent without toxins.
- Choose air-purifying houseplants, like spider plants or peace lilies, to improve
- indoor air quality.
By taking these steps, you reduce VOC exposure for yourself, your pet, and especially those who haven’t agreed to the exposure (your neighbors). You’ll breathe easier, enjoy safer indoor air, and demonstrate consideration for everyone in shared spaces.
Eau de fresh air
Sometimes the best fragrance is no fragrance at all. Going fragrance-free isn’t just about protecting yourself; it’s also about looking out for others. Your considerate choices can make homes, offices, restaurants, communal living spaces and public areas safer and more enjoyable for everyone. Think of it as Eau de Fresh Air — a scent everyone can enjoy safely.
Amy Berenson is a Marblehead resident, Sustainable Marblehead member and environmental advocate who believes that small changes can add up to a more sustainable world.
